Did you try building the test suite on an earlier commit? (make -C test cairo-test-suite)
That commit only makes it build the test suite by default, while previously one had to ask for it.

Could you try again with "make V=1" and get us the output? Perhaps also grepping config.log for libcairo.la?

If I were to guess, one of $POPPLER_LIBS, $LIBRSVG_LIBS or $LIBSPECTRE_LIBS introduced that link against the installed (or not...?) version of cairo.

> Did you try building the test suite on an earlier commit? (make -C test
> cairo-test-suite)
> That commit only makes it build the test suite by default, while previously one
> had to ask for it.

Makes sense. With the last good commit 54ae2e1619ba2f1039c8e652b2f24d7a72ab8395, make (no args) was successful, then make -C test cairo-test-suite failed with the same error as before. So the issue was there, but masked.


> Could you try again with "make V=1" and get us the output?

gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..  -I. -I./pdiff -I../boilerplate -I../util/cairo-script -I../src -I../src -D_REENTRANT   -I/opt/xorg/include/pixman-1       -I/opt/xorg/include   -I/usr/include/freetype2   -I/usr/include/libpng14   -I/opt/xorg/include   -I/opt/xorg/include   -I/opt/xorg/include   -I/opt/xorg/include     -Wall -Wextra -Wold-style-definition -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wmissing-declarations -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -Wnested-externs -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wsign-compare -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpacked -Wswitch-enum -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wbad-function-cast -Wvolatile-register-var -Wstrict-aliasing=2 -Winit-self -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-attributes -Wno-long-long -Winline -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -flto -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -DXCB_GENERIC_ERROR_HAS_MAJOR_MINOR_CODES                       -pthread -I/opt/xorg/include/cairo -I/opt/xorg/include/pixman-1 -I/opt/xorg/include -I/usr/include/poppler/glib -I/usr/include/poppler -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng14 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0   -pthread -I/opt/xorg/include/cairo -I/opt/xorg/include/pixman-1 -I/opt/xorg/include -I/usr/include/librsvg-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng14 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0    -g -O2 -MT any2ppm-any2ppm.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/any2ppm-any2ppm.Tpo -c -o any2ppm-any2ppm.o `test -f 'any2ppm.c' || echo './'`any2ppm.c
any2ppm.c: In function ‘write_ppm’:
any2ppm.c:182:5: warning: enumeration value ‘CAIRO_FORMAT_RGB30’ not handled in switch
mv -f .deps/any2ppm-any2ppm.Tpo .deps/any2ppm-any2ppm.Po
/bin/sh ../libtool  --tag=CC   --mode=link gcc  -pthread -I/opt/xorg/include/cairo -I/opt/xorg/include/pixman-1 -I/opt/xorg/include -I/usr/include/poppler/glib -I/usr/include/poppler -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng14 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0   -pthread -I/opt/xorg/include/cairo -I/opt/xorg/include/pixman-1 -I/opt/xorg/include -I/usr/include/librsvg-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng14 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0    -g -O2  -Wl,--allow-shlib-undefined  -o any2ppm any2ppm-any2ppm.o ../util/cairo-script/libcairo-script-interpreter.la ../src/libcairo.la   -pthread -L/opt/xorg/lib -lpoppler-glib -lgdk-x11-2.0 -lpoppler -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lm -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgmodule-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lrt -lglib-2.0   -pthread -L/opt/xorg/lib -lrsvg-2 -lgio-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lm -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgmodule-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lrt -lglib-2.0   -lspectre   -lm
libtool: link: cannot find the library `/usr/lib64/libcairo.la' or unhandled argument `/usr/lib64/libcairo.la'


> Perhaps also
> grepping config.log for libcairo.la?

Nothing there.


> If I were to guess, one of $POPPLER_LIBS, $LIBRSVG_LIBS or $LIBSPECTRE_LIBS
> introduced that link against the installed (or not...?) version of cairo.

Good guess there. To make a very long story short, after grepping around for a while with no results, I ran libtool with shell tracing and this clarified things.

+ case $1 in
+ . /usr/lib64/libpoppler-glib.la # this file is from Slack 64 poppler package
...
++ dependency_libs=' /usr/lib64/libpoppler.la /usr/lib64/liblcms.la /usr/lib64/libjpeg.la /usr/lib64/libpng14.la /usr/lib64/libxml2.la /usr/lib64/libgdk-x11-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libpangocairo-1.0.la /usr/lib64/libcairo.la /usr/lib64/libpangoft2-1.0.la /usr/lib64/../lib64/libstdc++.la /usr/lib64/libpango-1.0.la /usr/lib64/libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libgio-2.0.la -lresolv /usr/lib64/libpango-1.0.la /usr/lib64/libgobject-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libgmodule-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libcairo.la /usr/lib64/libpixman-1.la /usr/lib64/libfontconfig.la /usr/lib64/libpng14.la /usr/lib64/libXrender.la /usr/lib64/libX11.la /usr/lib64/libxcb.la /usr/lib64/libXau.la /usr/lib64/libXdmcp.la /usr/lib64/libgmodule-2.0.la -ldl /usr/lib64/libgobject-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libgthread-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libgthread-2.0.la -lpthread /usr/lib64/libglib-2.0.la /usr/lib64/libglib-2.0.la -lrt /usr/lib64/libfreetype.la /usr/lib64/libfontconfig.la /usr/lib64/libfreetype.la /usr/lib64/libexpat.la -lz /usr/lib64/../lib64/libstdc++.la'

All told, dependency_libs with /usr/lib64/libcairo.la were included from:
/usr/lib64/libpangocairo-1.0.la
/usr/lib64/libpoppler-glib.la
/usr/lib64/librsvg-2.la

Given all that, is it fair to say the issue is with the distro's packages rather than cairo?

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