I got the same error and started a thread in the developers list:

http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025659.html

I was building from git with the configuration :

./autogen.sh \
  --prefix=/home/kevin/mesa_build/ \
  --disable-dri \
  --enable-glx \
  --enable-xlib-glx \
  --enable-osmesa \
  --without-gallium-drivers

How are you building?

For me adding --disable-shared-glapi solved the problem.

Patches on the list to fix this now.

Is this the patch:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025679.html

It gives a different error here:
  CCLD   libglapi.la
/bin/mkdir -p ../../../i386-linux-gnu
ln -f .libs/libglapi.so.0.0.0 ../../../i386-linux-gnu/libglapi.so.0.0.0
ln: accessing `.libs/libglapi.so.0.0.0': No such file or directory

Full log at:
https://launchpadlibrarian.net/113066012/buildlog_ubuntu-precise-i386.mesa_8.1~git1208211230.c1114c~gd~p_FAILEDTOBUILD.txt.gz

(In reply to comment #3)
> Is this the patch:
> http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025679.html

No, they're:

http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025804.html
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025805.html
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2012-August/025808.html

but they may require some other(s) from the series to apply cleanly.

(In reply to comment #4)
> 
> but they may require some other(s) from the series to apply cleanly.

If there's a branch that can be checked out I'll happily test it.

Here you go: http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~mattst88/mesa/log/?h=configure-cleanups

(In reply to comment #6)
> Here you go:
> http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~mattst88/mesa/log/?h=configure-cleanups

I did :

$ git clone git://people.freedesktop.org/~mattst88/mesa
$ cd mesa/
$ git checkout configure-cleanups
$ ./autogen.sh \
  --prefix=/home/kevin/mesa_build/ \
  --disable-dri \
  --enable-glx \
  --enable-xlib-glx \
  --enable-osmesa \
  --without-gallium-drivers
$ make -ij8
$ make

and this is the tail of what I got :

gmake[4]: Entering directory `/tmp/mesa/src/mesa'
  CC     es1_conversion.lo
../../src/mesa/main/es1_conversion.c: In function '_es_DrawTexxOES':
../../src/mesa/main/es1_conversion.c:130:5: error: implicit declaration of function '_mesa_DrawTexf' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
../../src/mesa/main/es1_conversion.c: In function '_es_DrawTexxvOES':
../../src/mesa/main/es1_conversion.c:147:5: error: implicit declaration of function '_mesa_DrawTexfv' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
gmake[4]: *** [es1_conversion.lo] Error 1
gmake[4]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mesa/src/mesa'
gmake[3]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mesa/src/mesa'
gmake[2]: *** [all] Error 2
gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mesa/src/mesa'
gmake[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mesa/src'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1

Just pushed my branch. Should be fixed.

(In reply to comment #8)
> Just pushed my branch. Should be fixed.

Yup, this seems to work.